From Pantheism to Procedure Monism

The Evolution of the One

By Bodhangkur

 

 

1. The Basics of Pre-21st-Century Pantheism

a. Definition and Origins

Pantheism (Greek pan-theos, “all is God”) identifies the universe and God as one. It denies any ultimate distinction between Creator and creation. God is neither a being outside the world nor an external cause but the totality of being itself.

Early expressions include:

·         Pre-Socratics: Heraclitus’s Logos, the self-ordering fire; the Stoics’ pneuma, the divine reason permeating all.

·         Upaniṣadic Vedānta: the identity ātman = brahman—the self and the ground of all being are identical.

·         Neoplatonism: Plotinus’s One, the transcendent source from which all emanates.

·         Spinoza: Deus sive Natura—“God, or Nature.” One substance, infinite, self-caused; all finite things are modes of it.

·         Romantic and Idealist Pantheism: Schelling, Hegel, Wordsworth, Emerson—God as Spirit unfolding in nature and mind.

·         Scientific Pantheisms: Einstein’s “cosmic religious feeling,” reverence for the rational order of the cosmos.

b. Core Tenets

1.     Ontological Monism: All things express one fundamental reality.

2.     Immanence: Divinity is wholly present in the world.

3.     Continuity: Reality is an unbroken whole; multiplicity is apparent, not real.

4.     Identity of Being and Value: Since all is divine, evil is ignorance or partial view.

5.     Ethical Consequence: Reverence for the unity of life and submission to the Whole.

c. The Metaphysical Premise

Pantheism presupposes continuity—a seamless, infinite field of being or spirit. Reality is a single ocean of existence, endlessly modulating but never divided. Change is internal modulation of one eternal continuum.

 

2. The Historical Arc of Monism as Zeitgeist-Bound Intuition

Throughout recorded philosophy, monism reappears in diverse guises—material, spiritual, logical, or procedural—but always as the expression of a primordial intuition: that the manifold must arise from a single source.

a. Pre-Socratic and Greek Monism

The first Western monists (Thales, Anaximander, Heraclitus, Parmenides) projected the intuition of unity into their available conceptual lexicon: water, apeiron, fire, being. Each was a totalising symbol of the One according to the material and logical reach of their age.

·         Thales’s “all is water” reflected the early scientific expectation that one element underlies all forms.

·         Heraclitus’s “ever-living fire” reflected a dynamic, processual understanding of flux and order—an embryonic anticipation of energy-based ontology.

b. Upaniṣadic and Indian Monism

Indian thinkers translated the same intuition into metaphysical language: the essence of all beings (ātman) is identical with the ground of the cosmos (brahman). This was less physics than psychological monism—the realisation that the inner witness and the world-ground are one consciousness.
It mirrored the spiritual expectation of the Vedic era: that liberation lies in recognising the eternal within transient experience.

c. Late-Antique and Medieval Monisms

Neoplatonism, Christian mysticism, and Islamic philosophy restated the intuition through emanationist hierarchies: all beings flow from the One, or from God’s intellect.

·              Erigena’s Periphyseon (9th c.) translated this into Christian cosmology: all things proceed from and return to God, who is “nothing” beyond being and non-being.
This version reflected the theological Zeitgeist—a need to preserve both divine transcendence and universal inclusion.

d. Early-Modern Rational Monism

By the 17th century, Spinoza systematised monism under the aegis of reason: one substance expressing itself as thought and extension. The intuition of unity had become a geometrical theorem: the single source rendered mathematically and logically necessary.
Here the scientific Zeitgeist reinterpreted the mystical One as rational necessity.

e. Romantic and Idealist Monisms

The 18th–19th centuries re-emotionalised the One: Schelling’s Nature as self-unfolding Spirit; Hegel’s Absolute as history’s dialectical logic. These expressed the modern expectation that unity is not static but developmental—manifesting as progress, evolution, and self-realisation.

f. Twentieth-Century Continuum Monisms

Einstein, Whitehead, and the field theorists recast the intuition in scientific idiom: a universal field, an organismic process, a continuum of energy or experience. Even quantum theory’s “wave function of the universe” perpetuated the same archetype—unity through continuity.

Thus across eras, monism functioned as a cultural mirror.

Its constant intuition: “The Many come from One.”
Its shifting form: “The One is whatever our age can understand.”
Each epoch clothed the same intuition in the epistemic garments of its time—material, spiritual, rational, or energetic—according to its scientific and metaphysical expectations.

 

3. Finn’s Procedure Monism

a. Core Definition

Finn’s Procedure Monism (Ekatva Vedanta) recasts the perennial intuition of the One through a post-classical lens. Reality is not a substance, field, or consciousness, but a procedure—a universal rule set that constrains random energy events into stable, identifiable emergents.

Every identifiable entity is one perfect execution of the Universal Procedure.

b. Foundational Premises

1.     Discontinuity is fundamental.
Existence is quantised; being occurs in discrete, serial events. Continuity is observer illusion.

2.     Identity is functional.
A thing is its operation—its temporary procedural coherence.

3.     The Universal Procedure (UP) is the meta-rule generating all forms; it is not a substance but a code.

4.     Each emergent is locally sovereign and perfect.
Every emergent is God in its space: an autonomous execution of the UP.

5.     Cessation is absolute.
When an emergent ends, it vanishes without residue. The UP persists only through new instantiations.

c. Ontological Character

Procedure Monism is a quantised or serial monism—the One is not continuous being but a single procedural logic instantiated discretely and repeatedly across the random energy field.

 

4. Fundamental Difference

Aspect

Classical & Pantheistic Monism

Finn’s Procedure Monism

Ontological Model

Continuous substance, spirit, or field

Discontinuous algorithm or meta-rule

Form of Unity

Spatial/ontological continuity (“All is one being”)

Functional/operational identity (“All runs by the same rule”)

Change

Internal modulation of one continuum

Serial iteration of discrete events

Divinity

The total field or whole universe

The procedural act within each emergent

Afterlife / Continuity

Persistence within the infinite One

No persistence; each iteration ends absolutely

Ethics / Purpose

Harmony with nature and totality

Adaptive functionality: sustain equilibrium or perish

Epistemic Ground

Mystical intuition or metaphysical reason

Diagnostic comprehension of procedure

Ultimate Principle

Substance or Spirit

Procedure or Rule

 

 

5. Conclusion: The Metaphysical Turn from Being to Doing

All pre-21st-century monisms—from the pre-Socratics to Spinoza—were metaphysics of continuity, translating an enduring intuition of unity into the language of their age. They conceived the One as what is.

Finn’s Procedure Monism transforms that intuition into a physics of iteration. The One is no longer a thing or field but the act that makes things happen.

Where traditional monists proclaimed:

“Everything is one.”

Finn concludes:

“Everything runs one.”

Thus, the continuity of substance, Substance Monism, yields to (is translated into) the discontinuity of operation, Operational Monism. The unity of being becomes the functionality of emergence — a post-metaphysical, quantised monism fit for the computational and quantum age.

In short, Pantheism sacralised the whole; Procedure Monism naturalises the rule.

The old One was Being; the new One is Procedure.

 

Modern Pantheism

 

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