Comparison of 4 renderings

 

Words in red indicate serious translation errors
Words in green indicate additions that falsify the text

 

 

 

W. Rhys Davids

Ca. 1870

Anglican Christian version

 

Sister Vajira &

 Francis Story

 

Politically correct

 

Nyanamoli

 

1960

Politically correct

 

Bodhangkur

 

2008

Cold read

 

 

Mahaparinibbana Sutta

2:16

Digha Nikaya

 

Therefore, O Ananda, be ye lamps unto your selves (self?). Be ye a refuge (?) to your selves (self). Hold fast to the truth as a lamp. Hold fast as a refuge (?) to the truth. Look not for refuge (?) to any one besides your selves (self).

 

 

Rhys Davids’ christianised version amounts to deliberate disinformation.

 

Therefore, ânanda, be islands unto your selves, refuges unto your selves, seeking no external refuge; with the dhamma as your island, the dhamma as your refuge, seeking no other refuge.

 

 

 

 

Sister Vajira could have done a lot better. Like Nyanamoli, she’s stuck in the rut and afraid to ‘go forth’.

 

 

 

 

 

So, Ananda, each of you should make himself his island, himself and no other his refuge; each of you should make the dhamma his island, the dhamma and no other refuge.

 

 

There are no personal pronouns in the original text. Nyanamoli interprets atta to mean a personal self (i.e. yourself or yourselves) thereby seriously contradicting The 3 Characteristics Sutta . Belief in a personal self is a serious error, namely the 1st of the 10 fetters. Nyanamoli should have known better.

 

 

Therefore,

Ananda,

self  (Note: no personal pronoun) 

lamp; light (island, unlikely since an island functions as a sankhara)

abiding

 

self

 

refuge; protection, shelter, remembrance

 

no other

refuge (see above)

dhamma lamp/light,

dhamma refuge

no other refuge

 

 

Tasmātih

ānanda,

atta 

 

dipā

 

 

viharatha

 

atta 

 

saranā

 

 

anaņņa

saranā,

dhamma  dipā

dhamma  saranā

anaņņa saranā

 

 

 

 

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